Router Plane

Monday, November 25, 2019

FLW Cabinet - #26 Final Preparation & Finishing

With all the staining done it’s time to start finishing, well almost time.  Before starting to spray the clear topcoat there is still a little work to do.  Since the sides, fronts and backs will be finished prior to assembly I need to put a temporary filler where the pegs and faux tenons go.  That’s to assure the inside of the hole does not get a finish on it which could prevent a good glue joint when the actual pieces are glued in place once everything is all together.  This shows the pieces to be installed after assembly.

The fillers are made out of some leftover cedar which works out just fine as it is an easily machined nice soft wood.  I started by ripping strips slightly oversize then using the thickness sander take them down to a slight friction fit.  Once that’s done a small bevel is added to one end by making a single pass on each edge with 60 grit paper as shown below.

The fillers are cut to length on the table saw using a stop block mounted on the rip fence.

The faux tenon fillers follow a similar process except that because the legs are tapered the outer face of the filler needs match that taper.  Matching the taper angle is easy enough since I have the cutoff from when the legs were originally tapered.  That goes up against the cross-cut fence then the end of the blank is trimmed.  After that the tapered spacer is removed and the faux filler is cut to length using the stop block mounted on the rip fence.  The photo below shows the setup with the tapered spacer up against the cross-cut fence.

This is what the peg and faux fillers set in place look like.

The topcoat I will use is nitrocellulose lacquer sprayed on with an HVLP (High Volume Low Pressure) spray gun.  The last time I needed to get lacquer they had quit making that particular type so I bought all 6 gallons they had.  Now all that’s left of that is just under two gallons which is not enough to do both cabinets.  A visit to the local supplier provided me information on a compatible item so I got a gallon to do a test to see how it matched up.  Below is the old can on the left and the new one on the right.

To do the finish test I took two different solid oak pieces plus a plywood scrap then sanded and stained them the same way as the rest of the cabinet.  They are cut in half, labeled and one half is given two coats of the old lacquer (left) while the other half gets two coats of the new lacquer (right).  After an overnight cure I examined them and could not tell the difference.

Below is a photo after one coat of lacquer has been applied.  I started with the non-exposed unstained faces of the bottoms and sub-tops.  In the photo below they are the four light colored pieces in the center.  Next was the underside of the six shelves at the top and left followed by the tops themselves at the bottom.  After letting them cure they were sanded with 400 grit paper.  Another coat of lacquer followed by an overnight cure then wet sanding using 1800 grit paper.  The third coat is the final one which the next day gets wet sanded or really polished with an 8,000-grit pad.  I could do two coats in one day but have too many things going on to do that so it takes the better part of 6 days to do all sides of the pieces.   More if the humidity gets too high which rarely happens here in the desert but it did during the finishing process so I lost a few days.  First time in 10 years here that it has been a concern.  The problem with high humidity is moisture can get trapped in the finish then the lacquer forms a skin before the water vapor can escape.  That causes the lacquer to turn a milky white or blush.  Not something you want to see happening.  I did have one piece with a little bit of blush to it.  That was fixed by spraying another coat with a much higher percentage of thinner which I think dissolved the surface of the previous coat and let the moisture escape. 

The faux tenons are done concurrently with the first batch of pieces.  To keep unfinished wood at the glue joint when they are installed, I use painter’s tape to mask off the glue joint areas.  To make spraying easier they are clamped between scraps of wood held in place with more tape. If you look closely you can see the marking knife lines made to define how far they needed to go into the mortise.

Once the tenons were done the handles are next.  They are finished all at once just like the faux tenons.  A couple of screws run up into the mounting holes provide a handhold while they are being sprayed and a piece of plywood with a hole for the screw to set in holds them upright until they dry.

After nearly two weeks of working around the weather the first batch of pieces were done and set aside.  The next group is the four sides.  Since there are fewer of them and the weather still was not cooperating I set up an area in the shop to spray.  With this setup the only thing I had to worry about was the humidity level.  In the upper right of the photo you can see the other three sides drying.

Next is the backs and front.  The back is the biggest, heaviest piece and while the front is the same size it is open so it weighs less.  However, both of these pieces are just too big to spray and then try to move without messing up the just applied finish.  Given the space constraints that means just a single front/back set can be sprayed at once.  Here you can see how the two pieces are set up for spraying.

Once sprayed the temporary plugs for the faux tenons and the pegs are removed along with the tape that has kept the area where the sides will be glued and screwed on clean. 

The last or almost last of the pieces to be sprayed with lacquer is the doors and I am glad this phase is over.  I still have to do all the pegs but that will come a little later.  It seems like I have been working on staining and lacquering the parts forever!  In reality it took just over 5 weeks using more than a quart of oil stain, half a quart of gel stain, over three gallons of lacquer and almost 2 gallons of thinner to get it all done.  Now at long last I can start putting everything together.

Next up – Assembly

No comments:

Post a Comment